{ "college": "palomar-college", "edition": "2026-2027", "code": "AJ", "name": "Administration of Justice", "sourceUrl": "https://palomar.curriqunet.com/catalog/iq/32573/33385/32579", "courses": [ { "code": "AJ 85", "subject": "AJ", "number": "85", "title": "Police Academy Preparation", "units": "3", "hours": "3.00 hours lecture, 1.00 hours lab", "prerequisite": "Admission to the Police Academy", "cid": [], "transfer": [], "description": "Prepares recruits for the demanding academic and physical requirements of the Police Academy.", "notes": [ "Grading: Grade/Pass/No Pass" ], "offered": [ { "term": "spring-2027", "name": "Spring 2027", "sections": 2, "open": 2, "url": "/c/palomar-college/schedule/spring-2027/aj/#aj-85", "subject": "AJ" } ] }, { "code": "AJ 86", "subject": "AJ", "number": "86", "title": "Basic Police Academy Module III", "units": "7", "hours": "5.00 hours lecture, 6.00 hours lab", "prerequisite": "Admission to the Police Academy", "cid": [], "transfer": [], "description": "Equivalent to Module III extended-format training standards as set forth by the CA Commission on Peace Officer Standards and Training (POST). Covers ethics, the criminal justice system, laws of arrest, search and seizure, custody, firearms, arrest and control, first aid/CPR, and other related police topics. Meets the requirements for appointment as a Level III Reserve Officer and satisfies the requirements for PC 832 Arrest and Firearms.", "notes": [ "Grading: Graded Only" ], "offered": [ { "term": "spring-2027", "name": "Spring 2027", "sections": 2, "open": 2, "url": "/c/palomar-college/schedule/spring-2027/aj/#aj-86", "subject": "AJ" } ] }, { "code": "AJ 87A", "subject": "AJ", "number": "87A", "title": "Basic Police Academy Module IIA", "units": "5.5", "hours": "4.00 hours lecture, 4.50 hours lab", "prerequisite": "Admission to the Police Academy; Prior completion of Police Academy Module III", "cid": [], "transfer": [], "description": "AJ 87A and 87B are equivalent to Basic Course Module II extended-format training standards as set forth by the Commission on Peace Officer Standards and Training (POST). Covers property crimes, crimes against persons, policing in the community, firearms, chemical agents, and other related police topics. AJ 94A and 94B meet the requirements for appointment as a Level II Reserve Officer.", "notes": [ "Grading: Graded Only" ], "offered": [ { "term": "spring-2027", "name": "Spring 2027", "sections": 2, "open": 2, "url": "/c/palomar-college/schedule/spring-2027/aj/#aj-87a", "subject": "AJ" } ] }, { "code": "AJ 87B", "subject": "AJ", "number": "87B", "title": "Basic Police Academy Module IIB", "units": "5.5", "hours": "4.00 hours lecture, 4.50 hours lab", "prerequisite": "Admission to the Police Academy; Prior completion of Police Academy Module III Prerequisite: (Completion of, or concurrent enrollment in): AJ 87A", "cid": [], "transfer": [], "description": "AJ 87A and 87B are equivalent to Basic Course Module II extended-format training standards as set forth by the CA Commission on Peace Officer Standards and Training (POST). Covers property crimes, crimes against persons, policing in the community, firearms, chemical agents, and other related police topics. AJ 87A and 88B meet the requirements for appointment as a Level II Reserve Officer.", "notes": [ "Grading: Graded Only" ], "offered": [] }, { "code": "AJ 88A", "subject": "AJ", "number": "88A", "title": "Basic Police Academy Module IA", "units": "5", "hours": "3.50 hours lecture, 4.50 hours lab", "prerequisite": "Admission to the Police Academy; Prior completion of Police Academy Module II", "cid": [], "transfer": [], "description": "AJ 88A and 88B are equivalent to the Basic Course Module I extended-format training standards as set forth by the CA Commission on Peace Officer Standards and Training (POST). Covers crimes against children, sex crimes, juvenile law, domestic violence, weapons violations, patrol techniques, and other related police topics. AJ88A and 88B meet the requirements for appointment as a full-time peace officer or Level I Reserve Officer.", "notes": [ "Grading: Graded Only" ], "offered": [] }, { "code": "AJ 88B", "subject": "AJ", "number": "88B", "title": "Basic Police Academy Module IB", "units": "12", "hours": "8.00 hours lecture, 12.00 hours lab", "prerequisite": "Admission to the Police Academy; Prior completion of Police Academy Module II Prerequisite: (Completion of, or concurrent enrollment in): AJ 88A", "cid": [], "transfer": [], "description": "AJ 88A and 88B are equivalent to the Basic Course Module I extended-format training standards as set forth by the CA Commission on Peace Officer Standards and Training (POST). Covers crimes against children, sex crimes, juvenile law, domestic violence, weapons violations, patrol techniques, and other related police topics. AJ95A and 95B meet the requirements for appointment as a full-time peace officer or Level I Reserve Officer.", "notes": [ "Grading: Graded Only" ], "offered": [ { "term": "fall-2026", "name": "Fall 2026", "sections": 2, "open": 2, "url": "/c/palomar-college/schedule/fall-2026/aj/#aj-88b", "subject": "AJ" } ] }, { "code": "AJ 100", "subject": "AJ", "number": "100", "title": "Introduction To Criminal Justice", "units": "3", "hours": "3.00 hours lecture", "cid": [ "AJ 110" ], "transfer": [ "CSU", "UC" ], "description": "This course is a journey into the fundamental principles, institutions, and practices that underpin the American criminal justice system. The course provides an in-depth look into the intricacies of law enforcement, courts, and corrections, and explores the evolving role of justice in society. The course will address systemic inequalities within the criminal justice system and strive to engage with these issues through the coursework in a meaningful and respectful manner. Through thoughtful dialogue, critical reflection, and empathetic understanding, the course aims to cultivate a classroom community that celebrates diversity, promotes equity, and advocates for justice.", "notes": [ "Grading: Grade/Pass/No Pass" ], "offered": [ { "term": "fall-2026", "name": "Fall 2026", "sections": 6, "open": 4, "url": "/c/palomar-college/schedule/fall-2026/aj/#aj-100", "subject": "AJ" }, { "term": "spring-2027", "name": "Spring 2027", "sections": 4, "open": 4, "url": "/c/palomar-college/schedule/spring-2027/aj/#aj-100", "subject": "AJ" } ] }, { "code": "AJ 101", "subject": "AJ", "number": "101", "title": "Criminal Evidence", "units": "3", "hours": "3.00 hours lecture", "cid": [ "AJ 124" ], "transfer": [ "CSU" ], "description": "This course provides a comprehensive exploration of the rules, procedures, and ethical considerations governing the admission and use of evidence in criminal proceedings. The course will navigate through case law, statutes, and real-world scenarios to understand how evidence shapes the pursuit of justice in our changing and diverse society.", "notes": [ "Grading: Grade/Pass/No Pass" ], "offered": [] }, { "code": "AJ 102", "subject": "AJ", "number": "102", "title": "Criminal Procedures", "units": "3", "hours": "3.00 hours lecture", "cid": [ "AJ 122" ], "transfer": [ "CSU" ], "description": "This course is designed to break down the intricacies of legal processes within the criminal justice system. Through engaging lectures, case studies, and interactive discussions, students will explore the constitutional principles, statutes, and judicial decisions that govern the investigation, prosecution, and adjudication of criminal cases. Topics covered include search and seizure, arrest and detention, interrogation and confessions, the right to counsel, pre-trial procedures, trial procedures, sentencing, and appellate review. The course emphasizes the importance of recognizing procedural safeguards and due process protections that ensure fairness and justice in the criminal justice system in the United States.", "notes": [ "Grading: Grade/Pass/No Pass" ], "offered": [ { "term": "fall-2026", "name": "Fall 2026", "sections": 1, "open": 1, "url": "/c/palomar-college/schedule/fall-2026/aj/#aj-102", "subject": "AJ" }, { "term": "spring-2027", "name": "Spring 2027", "sections": 2, "open": 2, "url": "/c/palomar-college/schedule/spring-2027/aj/#aj-102", "subject": "AJ" } ] }, { "code": "AJ 103", "subject": "AJ", "number": "103", "title": "Community and the Justice System", "units": "3", "hours": "3.00 hours lecture", "cid": [ "AJ 160" ], "transfer": [ "CSU", "UC" ], "description": "This course explores the role of law enforcement and participants in the justice system, focusing on their interrelationships with various agencies and the public. Students will examine the expectations placed on law enforcement by the community and the importance of establishing positive relationships through effective communication and cultural understanding. The course provides an overview of communication skills, emphasizing the interaction between the criminal justice system and a multicultural society. Topics include addressing hate crimes, prejudice, bias, and discrimination, with a focus on fostering diversity, equity, and inclusion within the justice system. By understanding these dynamics, students will gain insights into building trust and cooperation between law enforcement agencies and the communities they serve.", "notes": [ "Grading: Grade/Pass/No Pass" ], "offered": [ { "term": "fall-2026", "name": "Fall 2026", "sections": 1, "open": 1, "url": "/c/palomar-college/schedule/fall-2026/aj/#aj-103", "subject": "AJ" }, { "term": "spring-2027", "name": "Spring 2027", "sections": 2, "open": 2, "url": "/c/palomar-college/schedule/spring-2027/aj/#aj-103", "subject": "AJ" } ] }, { "code": "AJ 104", "subject": "AJ", "number": "104", "title": "Criminal Law", "units": "3", "hours": "3.00 hours lecture", "cid": [ "AJ 120" ], "transfer": [ "CSU", "UC" ], "description": "This course explores the historical development, philosophy, and constitutional provisions of law with a focus on criminal law. Students will examine definitions and classifications of crimes, analyze case law, and consider the concepts of law as a social force. Emphasis is placed on understanding the role of law in promoting justice and equity, with a particular focus on how laws have impacted various communities differently. The course will engage students in critical discussions on diversity, inclusion, and accessibility within the criminal justice system, encouraging them to consider the perspectives and experiences of marginalized groups. Through a comprehensive study of legal principles and real-world applications, students will gain a deeper understanding of the legal system's complexities and its implications for a diverse society. This course is essential for anyone pursuing a career in law enforcement, legal studies, or related fields.", "notes": [ "Grading: Grade/Pass/No Pass" ], "offered": [ { "term": "fall-2026", "name": "Fall 2026", "sections": 4, "open": 1, "url": "/c/palomar-college/schedule/fall-2026/aj/#aj-104", "subject": "AJ" }, { "term": "spring-2027", "name": "Spring 2027", "sections": 2, "open": 2, "url": "/c/palomar-college/schedule/spring-2027/aj/#aj-104", "subject": "AJ" } ] }, { "code": "AJ 106", "subject": "AJ", "number": "106", "title": "Ethics in Administration of Justice", "units": "3", "hours": "3.00 hours lecture", "cid": [], "transfer": [ "CSU" ], "description": "This course is an ethical exploration of the Administration of Justice. This course examines complex ethical considerations that underpin the principles, practices, and decisions within the criminal justice system. Through engaging discussions, case studies, and critical analysis, students will examine ethical dilemmas, professional responsibilities, and moral frameworks that shape the conduct of justice professionals. This course will navigate the complexities of fairness, equity, integrity, and accountability in the pursuit of justice.", "notes": [ "Grading: Grade/Pass/No Pass" ], "offered": [ { "term": "spring-2027", "name": "Spring 2027", "sections": 1, "open": 1, "url": "/c/palomar-college/schedule/spring-2027/aj/#aj-106", "subject": "AJ" } ] }, { "code": "AJ 110", "subject": "AJ", "number": "110", "title": "Basic Criminal Investigation", "units": "3", "hours": "3.00 hours lecture", "cid": [ "AJ 140" ], "transfer": [ "CSU" ], "description": "This course is designed for aspiring law enforcement professionals, and anyone intrigued by the pursuit of justice. This course provides a foundational understanding of the principles, techniques, and procedures involved in criminal investigation. Through engaging lectures, practical exercises, and case studies, students will explore the various stages of the investigation process, from crime scene management and evidence collection to suspect identification and interrogation. The course will critically examine how investigations impact diverse communities and address potential biases in investigative practices. Students will engage in discussions and activities aimed at fostering inclusive and equitable approaches to criminal investigation. Students will have an opportunity to unravel mysteries, analyze evidence, and sharpen investigative skills to pursue truth and uphold justice.", "notes": [ "Grading: Grade/Pass/No Pass" ], "offered": [ { "term": "fall-2026", "name": "Fall 2026", "sections": 1, "open": 1, "url": "/c/palomar-college/schedule/fall-2026/aj/#aj-110", "subject": "AJ" }, { "term": "spring-2027", "name": "Spring 2027", "sections": 1, "open": 1, "url": "/c/palomar-college/schedule/spring-2027/aj/#aj-110", "subject": "AJ" } ] }, { "code": "AJ 131", "subject": "AJ", "number": "131", "title": "Juvenile Justice", "units": "3", "hours": "3.00 hours lecture", "cid": [ "AJ 220" ], "transfer": [ "CSU" ], "description": "Explore the unique challenges and complexities of the juvenile justice system in this comprehensive course. Students will examine the historical development, philosophical foundations, and legal framework of juvenile justice in the United States. Through lectures, discussions, and case studies, participants will gain insight into the principles and practices guiding the treatment of juvenile offenders, including diversion programs, rehabilitation efforts, and juvenile court procedures. Additionally, the course will address contemporary issues such as youth gangs, juvenile delinquency prevention, and the impact of social and cultural factors on juvenile crime. This course is essential for students pursuing careers in law enforcement, social work, counseling, or related fields, as well as those interested in understanding the juvenile justice system and its role in shaping the lives of young people.", "notes": [ "Grading: Grade/Pass/No Pass" ], "offered": [ { "term": "fall-2026", "name": "Fall 2026", "sections": 1, "open": 0, "url": "/c/palomar-college/schedule/fall-2026/aj/#aj-131", "subject": "AJ" }, { "term": "spring-2027", "name": "Spring 2027", "sections": 1, "open": 1, "url": "/c/palomar-college/schedule/spring-2027/aj/#aj-131", "subject": "AJ" } ] }, { "code": "AJ 141", "subject": "AJ", "number": "141", "title": "Enforcement Psychology", "units": "3", "hours": "3.00 hours lecture", "cid": [], "transfer": [ "CSU" ], "description": "Enforcement Psychology offers an in-depth exploration of the psychological principles underlying law enforcement practices. This course examines how psychological concepts and theories can be applied to various aspects of policing, including decision-making, communication, conflict resolution, and stress management. Students will explore topics such as criminal behavior analysis, interrogation techniques, crisis intervention, and ethical considerations in law enforcement. Through case studies and simulations, students will gain practical insights into the psychological factors influencing both law enforcement officers and the individuals with whom they interact. This course is essential for anyone interested in understanding the intersection of psychology and law enforcement and pursuing a career in criminal justice or related fields.", "notes": [ "Grading: Grade/Pass/No Pass" ], "offered": [ { "term": "fall-2026", "name": "Fall 2026", "sections": 1, "open": 0, "url": "/c/palomar-college/schedule/fall-2026/aj/#aj-141", "subject": "AJ" } ] }, { "code": "AJ 151", "subject": "AJ", "number": "151", "title": "Introduction to Homeland Security", "units": "3", "hours": "3.00 hours lecture", "cid": [], "transfer": [ "CSU" ], "description": "Introduction to Homeland Security provides students with a comprehensive overview of the concepts, principles, and practices essential for safeguarding the nation against various threats. This course explores homeland security's historical evolution, relevant agencies' organizational structure, and the key strategies and measures employed to address security challenges. Through lectures, discussions, and case studies, students will examine critical issues such as terrorism, natural disasters, cybersecurity, and emergency management. Additionally, the course will cover the role of intelligence gathering and analysis, the coordination of federal, state, and local efforts, and the ethical considerations inherent in homeland security operations. By the end of the course, students will gain a foundational understanding of homeland security and its significance in protecting communities and ensuring national resilience.", "notes": [ "Grading: Grade/Pass/No Pass", "Notes: Introduction to Homeland Security provides students with a comprehensive overview of the concepts, principles, and practices essential for safeguarding the nation against various threats. This course explores the historical evolution of homeland security, the organizational structure of relevant agencies, and the key strategies and measures employed to address security challenges. Through lectures, discussions, and case studies, students will examine critical issues such as terrorism, natural disasters, cybersecurity, and emergency management. Additionally, the course will cover the role of intelligence gathering and analysis, the coordination of federal, state, and local efforts, and the ethical considerations inherent in homeland security operations. By the end of the course, students will gain a foundational understanding of homeland security and its significance in protecting communities and ensuring national resilience." ], "offered": [ { "term": "spring-2027", "name": "Spring 2027", "sections": 1, "open": 1, "url": "/c/palomar-college/schedule/spring-2027/aj/#aj-151", "subject": "AJ" } ] }, { "code": "AJ 152", "subject": "AJ", "number": "152", "title": "Emergency Management and Planning for Public Safety Officials", "units": "3", "hours": "3.00 hours lecture", "cid": [], "transfer": [ "CSU" ], "description": "Emergency Management and Planning is a comprehensive course designed to equip students with the knowledge and skills to effectively prepare for, respond to, and recover from emergencies and disasters. This course explores the principles, practices, and challenges of emergency management within the context of contemporary societal and environmental risks. Through lectures, case studies, and practical exercises, students will learn about the phases of emergency management, including mitigation, preparedness, response, and recovery. Topics covered include risk assessment, hazard identification, emergency response coordination, resource management, and community resilience-building strategies. By the end of the course, students will be equipped to contribute to emergency planning efforts in various organizational and community settings.", "notes": [ "Grading: Grade/Pass/No Pass" ], "offered": [ { "term": "fall-2026", "name": "Fall 2026", "sections": 1, "open": 0, "url": "/c/palomar-college/schedule/fall-2026/aj/#aj-152", "subject": "AJ" } ] }, { "code": "AJ 153", "subject": "AJ", "number": "153", "title": "Contemporary Issues in Homeland Security", "units": "3", "hours": "3.00 hours lecture", "cid": [], "transfer": [ "CSU" ], "description": "Contemporary Issues in Homeland Security provides students with an in-depth examination of the current challenges, trends, and debates shaping the field of homeland security. This course explores many pressing issues facing policymakers, law enforcement agencies, and security professionals in today's dynamic and interconnected world. Through lectures, discussions, case studies, and guest speakers, students will analyze domestic terrorism, cybersecurity threats, border security, immigration policies, and emergency response strategies. Additionally, the course will explore the ethical considerations, legal frameworks, and international dimensions of homeland security efforts. By the end of the course, students will gain a nuanced understanding of the complex and evolving landscape of homeland security and the strategies needed to address contemporary threats effectively.", "notes": [ "Grading: Grade/Pass/No Pass" ], "offered": [ { "term": "spring-2027", "name": "Spring 2027", "sections": 1, "open": 1, "url": "/c/palomar-college/schedule/spring-2027/aj/#aj-153", "subject": "AJ" } ] }, { "code": "AJ 180", "subject": "AJ", "number": "180", "title": "Criminology", "units": "3", "hours": "3.00 hours lecture", "cid": [], "transfer": [ "CSU" ], "description": "This course will be an exploration of the complex field of criminology, investigating the causes, patterns, and consequences of crime and criminal behavior. This course provides a comprehensive overview of criminological theories, research methods, and empirical findings that contribute to our understanding of crime in society. Through engaging lectures, discussions, and case studies, students will examine the social, psychological, and environmental factors that shape criminal conduct and the responses of the criminal justice system. The course navigates the complexities of crime, challenges conventional wisdom, and seeks solutions to create safer and more equitable communities.", "notes": [ "Grading: Grade/Pass/No Pass" ], "offered": [ { "term": "spring-2027", "name": "Spring 2027", "sections": 1, "open": 1, "url": "/c/palomar-college/schedule/spring-2027/aj/#aj-180", "subject": "AJ" } ] }, { "code": "AJ 197", "subject": "AJ", "number": "197", "title": "Topics In Administration Of Justice", "units": "0.5-6", "hours": "0.50-6.00 hours lecture, 1.50-18.00 hours lab", "cid": [], "transfer": [ "CSU" ], "description": "Topics in Administration of Justice. See Class Schedule for specific topic offered. Course title will designate subject covered.", "notes": [ "Grading: Grade/Pass/No Pass", "Notes: Units awarded in topics courses are dependent upon the number of hours required of the student. Any combination of lecture and laboratory may be scheduled by the department. Refer to Class Schedule." ], "offered": [] }, { "code": "AJ 210", "subject": "AJ", "number": "210", "title": "Introduction to Crime Scene Forensic Investigation", "units": "3", "hours": "3.00 hours lecture", "cid": [ "AJ 150" ], "transfer": [ "CSU" ], "description": "The Introduction to Crime Scene Forensic Investigation course provides students with an introduction to the fundamental principles and techniques of forensic science as applied to crime scene investigation. Through a combination of lectures, hands-on laboratory exercises, and case studies, students will learn the scientific methods and procedures used to process, analyze, and interpret evidence collected from crime scenes. Topics covered include crime scene documentation, evidence collection and preservation, fingerprint analysis, DNA profiling, bloodstain pattern analysis, and firearm examination. Emphasis will be placed on the role of forensic science in the criminal justice system and the importance of maintaining the integrity of evidence. This course serves as a foundation for students pursuing further studies or careers in forensic science, law enforcement, or related fields.", "notes": [ "Grading: Grade/Pass/No Pass" ], "offered": [ { "term": "fall-2026", "name": "Fall 2026", "sections": 1, "open": 0, "url": "/c/palomar-college/schedule/fall-2026/aj/#aj-210", "subject": "AJ" } ] }, { "code": "AJ 215", "subject": "AJ", "number": "215", "title": "Introduction to Forensic Science", "units": "3", "hours": "3.00 hours lecture", "cid": [], "transfer": [ "CSU", "UC" ], "description": "This course examines the application of the scientific method to crime scene investigation, with a focus on the collection, processing, and analysis of physical evidence. Through a combination of lectures and hands-on lab activities, students will examine techniques and principles related to trace evidence, bloodstain pattern analysis, footwear and tire impressions, firearms and ballistics, questioned documents, toxicology, and serology. The course emphasizes accurate evidence handling and documentation practices essential to forensic science and criminal investigations.", "notes": [ "Grading: Graded Only" ], "offered": [ { "term": "spring-2027", "name": "Spring 2027", "sections": 1, "open": 1, "url": "/c/palomar-college/schedule/spring-2027/aj/#aj-215", "subject": "AJ" } ] }, { "code": "AJ 220", "subject": "AJ", "number": "220", "title": "Beginning Fingerprint Analysis", "units": "3", "hours": "2.00 hours lecture, 3.00 hours lab", "cid": [], "transfer": [ "CSU" ], "description": "This course introduces students to the fundamental principles and techniques of fingerprint analysis used in forensic investigations. Students will learn about the history, classification, and comparison of fingerprints, as well as the scientific methods used to identify individuals. The course emphasizes hands-on training in fingerprint collection, processing, and identification, preparing students for entry-level roles in forensic science or law enforcement. Additionally, the course explores the ethical responsibilities associated with fingerprint analysis, including proper evidence handling, accuracy in identification, and maintaining integrity in forensic investigations.", "notes": [ "Grading: Graded Only", "Notes: This course provides an introduction to the fundamental principles of fingerprint analysis, including classification, collection, and comparison techniques used in forensic investigations. Students will learn to identify fingerprint patterns and apply industry-standard methods for developing and lifting latent prints for fingerprint examination. The course includes hands-on training in fingerprint processing, crime scene applications, and forensic documentation. Ethical considerations, including bias prevention, accuracy, and professional integrity in forensic science, will also be emphasized. This course is an integral part of the Forensic Technology Certificate Program and prepares students for careers in forensic science, law enforcement, and crime scene investigation." ], "offered": [ { "term": "fall-2026", "name": "Fall 2026", "sections": 2, "open": 2, "url": "/c/palomar-college/schedule/fall-2026/aj/#aj-220", "subject": "AJ" } ] }, { "code": "AJ 221", "subject": "AJ", "number": "221", "title": "Advanced Fingerprint Analysis", "units": "3", "hours": "2.00 hours lecture, 3.00 hours lab", "prerequisite": "AJ 220", "cid": [], "transfer": [ "CSU" ], "description": "This course provides an in-depth exploration of advanced techniques in fingerprint identification, comparison, and forensic application. Students will expand upon foundational fingerprint knowledge and gain hands-on experience with complex latent print development, digital enhancement, and courtroom presentation of fingerprint evidence. The course emphasizes ridgeology, distortion analysis, pressure effects, and partial print comparisons, preparing students to work with challenging or degraded fingerprint evidence. Students will engage in case study analyses, laboratory exercises, and practical application of the ACE-V methodology (Analysis, Comparison, Evaluation, and Verification) at an advanced level. Ethical considerations, including error rates, cognitive bias, and the limitations of fingerprint evidence in criminal cases, will be discussed in depth. This course is an integral part of the Forensic Technology Certificate Program and prepares students for careers in forensic science, law enforcement, and crime scene investigation.", "notes": [ "Grading: Graded Only", "Notes: This course provides an in-depth study of advanced fingerprint analysis techniques, including complex latent print development, forensic comparison methods, and expert witness testimony. Students will apply ACE-V methodology (Analysis, Comparison, Evaluation, and Verification) to evaluate fingerprint evidence, identify ridge characteristics, and analyze distortion effects in partial or degraded prints. Emphasis is placed on forensic documentation, digital enhancement, and courtroom presentation of fingerprint evidence. Ethical considerations, including bias prevention, error rates, and forensic accountability, will also be explored. This course is designed for students pursuing careers in forensic science, crime scene investigation, and law enforcement and serves as an advanced component of the Forensic Technology Certificate Program. **Prerequisite - AJ 220 Beginning Fingerprint Analysis" ], "offered": [ { "term": "spring-2027", "name": "Spring 2027", "sections": 2, "open": 2, "url": "/c/palomar-college/schedule/spring-2027/aj/#aj-221", "subject": "AJ" } ] } ] }